Literacy in science can also be promoted through critical discussion of the material. Science often requires students be able orally express what the text is saying or explain a process in words to a class or classmate. This in-turn also helps the student to come to a better understanding of the content area.

In discussion strategies it is important for students to feel that they have a voice and their opinions are respected and valued by the class. Instructors should not necessarily control the discussion unless the student get off of the topic at which time it is appropriate for teachers in interject and propose questions to help the students return to the topic at hand. The methods mentioned below are just a few of the many ways for students to engage in discussion in the classroom.

• Think/Pair/Share
• Socratic Seminar with or without instructor
• Topics from a hat
• Round table discussion with or without tennis ball toss
• Popcorn discussions
• My “Two-Cents” Talks
• Student lead “Book Club”

While it can be particularly difficult for instructors to facilitate discussion with some reluctant groups, it is important to note critical discussion can be achieved it teachers practice wait time and place the emphasis on student lead work where students are responsible for maintaining and contributing to the discussion.

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